Mental Health Treatment Then And Now - 1709 Words

Mental Health Treatment: Then and Now In order to properly explore and answer the question that has been posed, the term mental illness must first be defined. Mental illness is the inability to properly control or express behaviors, emotions, or the person’s beliefs. This can affect any individual for any number of reasons. For instance, the illness may be contracted later in life due to stress, physical or even emotional damage. Treatment for these disorders today might seem practical, efficient and humane. This was not always the case for patients suffering from mental disorders. In the earliest forms, treatment for mental illnesses could be deemed barbaric, morbid and morally misguided. Patients who were admitted to mental institutions would be given shelter. This was an opportunity to observe the symptoms and to diagnose the problem that had been presented to the medical experts. Surely while being kept in these institutions the shelter that was provided to the patients were healthy and deemed acceptable right ? While deciding how to shelter these mentally ill patients, hospitals started to open mental wards. These wards would be considered the symbol of hope that the illness could be treated similar to other diseases or disorders that were confronted in the past. However the appearance of the hospital emitted a different aura. This aura was a fearful one, as the windows were barred, and doors were locked (Zwelling, 1985). Becoming cognizant of the growing fear of theShow MoreRelatedThe Mental Illness Of The United States Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pagesare many people in the United States that have a mental illness that is either not able to be treated or is never diagnosed at all. This is because treatment is very expensive and hard to access, and without proactive care of the mentally ill there can be various unfortunate outcomes, sadly including, death. So, why is access to mental health care so limited and what is the government of Ohio doing to solve it and what else should be done? Mental illnesses are very common in the United States,Read MoreThe Ethics Of Mental Health Nursing1596 Words   |  7 Pagesthe ethics of mental health nursing, I intend to demonstrate how clinical decision making mental health nursing is formulated based on the chosen moral principles of beneficence, non-maleficence and ‘respect for autonomy’ (NHS, 2015). I will also be considering the influence of consequentialist theory in mental health nursing, as I believe this to be the ethical core of the debate. Consequentialist theory dictates that moral justification for the clinical rationale process by health professionalsRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Mental Health1050 Words   |  5 Pages Mental health is a critical aspect of anyones well-being. However, struggling with a mental illness can negatively affect that. Mayo Clinic defines mental illness as a wide range of mental health conditions — disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior. Struggles with mental health are a major obstacle for anyone to endure, no matter their racial identity. However, racial minorities tend face further struggles in their journey. Understanding the underlying factors that play into mentalRead MoreThe Mental Health Parity And Addiction Act1533 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The policy I will be analysing is called The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Act (MHPAEA) of 2008. This act requires the same level of benefits for substance use treatment and mental services as one would receive for medical care from their health insurance. The MHPAEA’s requirements were expanded by the Affordable Care Act that some health insurance plans should cover mental health and substance abuse treatment and services. This act will allow many social workers to treat moreRead MoreEssay on Speech: History of Mental Illness991 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech: History of Mental Illness Specific Purpose: To inform my audience how treatment of mental illness in America has changed. Central Idea: Treatment of mental illness in America from past, to present. INTRODUCTION I What is Mental Illness? Mental illnesses are disorders of the brain that disrupt a persons thinking, feeling, moods, and ability to relate to others-and if severe interferes with all aspects of daily living. Read MoreCommunity Mental Health Movement Of The United States1210 Words   |  5 PagesCommunity Mental Health Movement For many years, people who suffered with mental illness were more often than not institutionalized and severely mistreated. The history of the Mental Health movement begins in 1909. The history of advocacy began with Clifford W. Beers. Beers, himself an ex-psychiatric patient who, after his release, crusaded to bring mental health and mental illness to the attention of his fellow citizens (Pols). In 1908, Beers published his autobiography, A Mind That Found ItselfRead MoreThe Medicalization of Deviance and Overview of Mental Health Courts1716 Words   |  7 Pagessocial norms and is seen as having an illness or a disease needing treatment. Therapeutic social control uses medicine and science as a treatment of deviance. Medicalization of deviance as stated by Horwitz (1981) is primarily used as a tool to identify the causes of deviance within an individual rather than in the faults of society (p. 750). The types of deviant behaviors addressed by medicalization in the U.S. includes: mental illness (insanity), child abuse, sexual abuse, homosexuality, alcoholismRead MoreNvq3 Assignment 304 Ai769 Words   |  4 PagesHealth and social care professions have in common the concept of a duty of care toward their users. This means that the wellbeing of the service user should be central to their work. All treatment given must have a therapeutic benefit to the user or must be essential for saving life. Service users should be given sufficient information about any treatment they are offered so that they can make an informed decision about whether or not to take it.   Information should include the benefits and possibleRead MoreSaving Normal1354 Words   |  6 Pagesis free from defect, handicap and mental illness. Medicalization is a social process through which a previously normal human condition whether is be behavioral, physiological or emotional, becomes a medical problem in need of treatment. For example, not long ago being a shy person, â€Å"being reserved or having or showing nervousness or timidity in the company of other people†, was common and something most people experienced at some points in their lives. However, now shyness is out the realm of normalRead MoreBiography Of John Hinckley Jr.1626 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"John Hinckley Jr. Biography†). When watching the movie, it gave Hinckley ideas of how to escape his depression and Hinckley began t o mimic Robert DeNiro’s character. Hinckley did move back to Colorado with his parents and for some psychiatric treatment for depression but it did not improve his state. Hinckley wrote the following to his sister â€Å"I’ll take heavy medication for which it doesn’t seem to do much good (The Biography.com, â€Å"John Hinckley Jr. Biography†).† Hinckley overdosed on these medications

Frostbite Chapter 22 Free Essays

TWENTY-TWO HORROR AND SHOCK CONSUMED ME, so much so that I thought my soul would shrivel, that the world would end right then and there- because surely, surely it couldn’t keep going on after this. No one could keep going on after this. I wanted to shriek my pain to the universe. We will write a custom essay sample on Frostbite Chapter 22 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I wanted to cry until I melted. I wanted to sink down beside Mason and die with him. Elena released me, apparently deciding I posed no danger positioned as I was between her and Isaiah. She turned toward Mason’s body. And I stopped feeling. I simply acted. â€Å"Don’t. Touch. Him.† I didn’t recognize my own voice. She rolled her eyes. â€Å"Good grief, you’re annoying. I’m started to see Isaiah’s point- you do need to suffer before dying.† Turning away, she knelt down to the floor and flipped Mason over onto his back. â€Å"Don’t touch him!† I screamed. I shoved her with little effect. She shoved back, nearly knocking me over. It was all I could do to steady my feet and stay upright. Isaiah looked on with amused interest; then his gaze fell to the floor. Lissa’s chotki had fallen out of my coat pocket. He picked it up. Strigoi could touch holy objects- the stories about them fearing crosses weren’t true. They just couldn’t enter holy ground. He flipped the cross over and ran his fingers over the etched dragon. â€Å"Ah, the Dragomirs,† he mused. â€Å"I’d forgotten about them. Easy to. There’s what, one? Two of them left? Barely worth remembering.† Those horrible red eyes focused on me. â€Å"Do you know any of them? I’ll have to see to them one of these days. It won’t be very hard to- â€Å" Suddenly, I heard an explosion. The aquarium burst apart as water shot out of it, shattering the glass. Pieces of it flew toward me, but I barely noticed. The water coalesced in the air, forming a lopsided sphere. It began to float. Toward Isaiah. I felt my jaw drop as I stared at it. He watched it too, more puzzled than scared. At least until it wrapped around his face and started suffocating him. Much like the bullets, suffocation wouldn’t kill him. But it could cause him a hell of a lot of discomfort. His hands flew to his face, desperately trying to â€Å"pry† the water away. It was no use. His fingers simply slipped through. Elena forgot about Mason and jumped to her feet. â€Å"What is it?† she shrieked. She shook him in an equally useless effort to free him. â€Å"What’s happening?† Again, I didn’t feel. I acted. My hand closed around a large piece of glass from the broken aquarium. It was jagged and sharp, cutting into my hand. Sprinting forward, I plunged the shard into Isaiah’s chest, aiming for the heart I’d worked so hard to find in practice. Isaiah emitted a strangled scream through the water and collapsed to the floor. His eyes rolled back in his head as he blacked out from the pain. Elena stared, as shocked as I’d been when Isaiah had killed Mason. Isaiah wasn’t dead, of course, but he was temporarily down for the count. Her face clearly showed she hadn’t thought that was possible. The smart thing at that point would have been to run toward the door and the sun’s safety. Instead, I ran in the opposite direction, toward the fireplace. I grabbed one of the antique swords and turned back toward Elena. I didn’t have far to go, because she’d recovered herself and was heading toward me. Snarling with rage, she tried to grab me. I had never trained with a sword, but I had been taught to fight with any makeshift weapon I could find. I used the sword to keep distance between us, my motions clumsy but effective for the time being. White fangs flashed in her mouth. â€Å"I am going to make you- â€Å" â€Å"Suffer, pay, regret I was ever born?† I suggested. I remembered fighting with my mom, how I’d been on the defensive the whole time. That wouldn’t work this time. I had to attack. Jabbing forward, I tried to land a blow on Elena. No luck. She anticipated my every move. Suddenly, from behind her, Isaiah groaned as he started to come around. She glanced back, the smallest of motions that let me swipe the sword across her chest. It cut the fabric of her shirt and grazed the skin, but nothing more. Still, she flinched and looked down in panic. I think the glass going through Isaiah’s heart was still fresh in her mind. And that was what I really needed. I mustered all my strength, drew back, and swung. The sword’s blade hit the side of her neck, hard and deep. She gave a horrible, sickening cry, a shriek that made my skin crawl. She tried to move toward me. I pulled back and hit again. Her hands clutched at her throat, and her knees gave way. I struck and struck, the sword digging deeper into her neck each time. Cutting off someone’s head was harder than I’d thought it would be. The old, dull sword probably wasn’t helping. But finally, I gained enough sense to realize she wasn’t moving. Her head lay there, detached from her body, her dead eyes looking up at me as though she couldn’t believe what had happened. That made two of us. Someone was screaming, and for a surreal second, I thought it was still Elena. Then I lifted my eyes and looked across the room. Mia stood in the doorway, eyes bugging out and skin tinged green like she might throw up. Distantly, in the back of my mind, I realized she was the one who’d made the aquarium explode. Water magic apparently wasn’t worthless after all. Still a bit shaken, Isaiah tried to rise to his feet. But I was on him before he could fully manage it. The sword sang out, wreaking blood and pain with each blow. I felt like an old pro now. Isaiah fell back to the floor. In my mind, I kept seeing him break Mason’s neck, and I hacked and hacked as hard as I could, as though striking fiercely enough might somehow banish the memory. â€Å"Rose! Rose!† Through my hate-filled haze, I just barely detected Mia’s voice. â€Å"Rose, he’s dead!† Slowly, shakily, I held back the next blow and looked down at his body- and the head no longer attached to it. She was right. He was dead. Very, very dead. I looked at the rest of the room. There was blood everywhere, but the horror of it didn’t really register with me. My world had slowed down, slowed down to two very simple tasks. Kill the Strigoi. Protect Mason. I couldn’t process anything else. â€Å"Rose,† whispered Mia. She was trembling, her words filled with fear. She was afraid of me, not the Strigoi. â€Å"Rose, we have to go. Come on.† I dragged my eyes away from her and looked down at Isaiah’s remains. After several moments, I crawled over to Mason’s body, still clutching the sword. â€Å"No,† I croaked out. â€Å"I can’t leave him. Other Strigoi might come†¦.† My eyes burned like I desperately wanted to cry. I couldn’t say for sure. The bloodlust still pounded in me, violence and rage the only emotions I was capable of anymore. â€Å"Rose, we’ll come back for him. If other Strigoi are coming, we have to get out.† â€Å"No,† I repeated, not even looking at her. â€Å"I’m not leaving him. I won’t leave him alone.† With my free hand, I stroked Mason’s hair. â€Å"Rose- â€Å" I jerked my head up. â€Å"Get out!† I screamed at her. â€Å"Get out, and leave us alone.† She took a few steps forward, and I lifted the sword. She froze. â€Å"Get out,† I repeated. â€Å"Go find the others.† Slowly, Mia backed up toward the door. She gave me one last, desperate look before running outside. Silence fell, and I relaxed my hold on the sword but refused to let it go. My body sagged forward, and I rested my head on Mason’s chest. I became oblivious to everything: to the world around me, to time itself. Seconds could have passed. Hours could have passed. I didn’t know. I didn’t know anything except that I couldn’t leave Mason alone. I existed in an altered state, a state that just barely kept the terror and grief at bay. I couldn’t believe Mason was dead. I couldn’t believe I’d just summoned death. So long as I refused to acknowledge either, I could pretend they hadn’t happened. Footsteps and voices eventually sounded, and I lifted my head up. People poured in through the door, lots of them. I couldn’t really make out any of them. I didn’t need to. They were threats, threats I had to keep Mason safe from. A couple of them approached me, and I leapt up, lifting the sword and holding it protectively over his body. â€Å"Stay back,† I warned. â€Å"Stay away from him.† They kept coming. â€Å"Stay back!† I yelled. They stopped. Except for one. â€Å"Rose,† came a soft voice. â€Å"Drop the sword.† My hands shook. I swallowed. â€Å"Get away from us.† â€Å"Rose.† The voice spoke again, a voice that my soul would have known anywhere. Hesitantly, I let myself finally become aware of my surroundings, let the details sink in. I let my eyes focus on the features of the man standing there. Dimitri’s brown eyes, gentle and firm, looked down on me. â€Å"It’s okay,† he said. â€Å"Everything’s going to be okay. You can let go of the sword.† My hands shook even harder as I fought to hold on to the hilt. â€Å"I can’t.† The words hurt coming out. â€Å"I can’t leave him alone. I have to protect him.† â€Å"You have,† said Dimitri. The sword fell out of my hands, landing with a loud clatter on the wooden floor. I followed, collapsing on all fours, wanting to cry but still unable to. Dimitri’s arms wrapped around me as he helped me up. Voices swarmed around us, and one by one, I recognized people I knew and trusted. He started to tug me toward the door, but I refused to move just yet. I couldn’t. My hands clutched his shirt, crumpling the fabric. Still keeping one arm around me, he smoothed my hair back away from my face. I leaned my head against him, and he continued stroking my hair, murmuring something in Russian. I didn’t understand a word of it, but the gentle tone soothed me. Guardians were spreading throughout the house, examining it inch by inch. A couple of them approached us and knelt by the bodies I refused to look at. â€Å"She did that? Both of them?† â€Å"That sword hasn’t been sharpened in years!† A funny sound caught in my throat. Dimitri squeezed my shoulder comfortingly. â€Å"Get her out of here, Belikov,† I heard a woman say behind him, her voice familiar. Dimitri squeezed my shoulder again. â€Å"Come on, Roza. It’s time to go.† This time, I went. He guided me out of the house, holding onto me as I managed each agonizing step. My mind still refused to really process what had happened. I couldn’t do much more than follow simple directions from those around me. I eventually ended up on one of the Academy’s jets. Engines roared around us as the plane lifted off. Dimitri murmured something about coming back shortly and left me alone in my seat. I stared straight ahead, studying the details of the seat in front of me. Someone sat beside me and draped a blanket over my shoulders. I noticed then just how badly I was shivering. I tugged at the edges of the blanket. â€Å"I’m cold,† I said. â€Å"How am I so cold?† â€Å"You’re in shock,† Mia answered. I turned and looked at her, studying her blond curls and big blue eyes. Something about seeing her unleashed my memories. It all tumbled back. I squeezed my eyes shut. â€Å"Oh God,† I breathed. I opened my eyes and focused on her again. â€Å"You saved me- saved me when you blew up the fish tank. You shouldn’t have done it. You shouldn’t have come back.† She shrugged. â€Å"You shouldn’t have gone for the sword.† Fair point. â€Å"Thank you,† I told her. â€Å"What you did †¦ I never would have thought of that. It was brilliant.† â€Å"I don’t know about that,† she mused, smiling ruefully. â€Å"Water isn’t much of a weapon, remember?† I choked on a laugh, even though I really didn’t find my old words that funny. Not anymore. â€Å"Water’s a great weapon,† I said finally. â€Å"When we get back, we’ll have to practice ways to use it.† Her face lit up. Fierceness shone out from her eyes. â€Å"I’d like that. More than anything.† â€Å"I’m sorry †¦ sorry about your mom.† Mia simply nodded. â€Å"You’re lucky to still have yours. You don’t know how lucky.† I turned and stared at the seat again. The next words out of my mouth startled me: â€Å"I wish she was here.† â€Å"She is,† said Mia, sounding surprised. â€Å"She was with the group that raided the house. Didn’t you see her?† I shook my head. We lapsed into silence. Mia stood up and left. A minute later, someone else sat down beside me. I didn’t have to see her to know who she was. I just knew. â€Å"Rose,† said my mother. For once in my life, she sounded unsure of herself. Scared, maybe. â€Å"Mia said you wanted to see me.† I didn’t answer. I didn’t look at her. â€Å"What†¦what do you need?† I didn’t know what I needed. I didn’t know what to do. The stinging in my eyes grew unbearable, and before I knew it, I was crying. Big, painful sobs seized my body. The tears I’d held back so long poured down my face. The fear and grief I’d refused to let myself feel finally burst free, burning in my chest. I could scarcely breathe. My mother put her arms around me, and I buried my face in her chest, sobbing even harder. â€Å"I know,† she said softly, tightening her grip on me. â€Å"I understand.† How to cite Frostbite Chapter 22, Essay examples

Henry V The Character Of Harry Through free essay sample

Out Essay, Research Paper In Henry V, uncover how Shakespeare portrays Henry s leading qualities at different phases of the drama, both in his traffics with the Gallic and his intervention of his ain work forces. Shakspere, through many phases and events, shows the reader the many leading qualities possessed by Henry. Through the many events of Henry s reign, Shakespeare builds Henry s qualities, unobserved by the reader or Henry s Lords. Henry speaks in poesy to pull the ear of every possible individual around him and to maintain them concentrating upon him. Some qualities are changeless throughout the full drama. Henry s ability to turn the minute from bad to good utilizing either extremely motivational words ( utilizing tonss of imagination ) or merely utilizing his enemies own words and intending against them ( once more by utilizing them in imagination driven addresss We will in France, by Gods grace, play a set ) Henry is forced to demo his leading qualities after he made king. His clip before his reign was spent moving in a juvenile mode and Henry s tribunal is non anticipating him to the best of all leaders. Because of his age and his mode as a prince, Ely and Canterbury feel they can carry Henry s unfastened head to do a war happen. Henry is cagey plenty to descry the elusive ways of the archbishop and follow him through his confusing address where he someway traces the Gallic Crown to Henry from English male monarchs of the yesteryear. Although Henry agrees to Canterbury s claims, he warns Canterbury that he should be really wary of the consequence his claim on France could hold upon the full state. When the Dauphin s foremost message and tennis balls confront Henry, he is angry. It is clear that the Dauphin has mistaken the male monarch Henry for the prince Henry, the Henry that savours excessively much of his young person. Henry shows this choler non through looks but through his words in his replying message back to the Dauphin. We are glad the Dauphin is so pleasant with us That all the tribunals of France will be disturbed He shows the Dauphin that he is non a male child any longer, turning the Dauphin s playful image into an image of war. The English male monarch continues by taking the jeer that the Dauphin created with the tennis balls and turns that against him and into a warning of what will go on when France and England come together in war. Shall this mock mock out of their dead hubbies Mock female parents from boies, mock palaces down ; And some are yet ungotten and unborn, That shall hold cause to cuss the Dauphin s contempt. The following trial as new male monarch for Henry is treasonists. He knows that he has three work forces in his council that have been bribed to kill him. Alternatively of merely put to deathing them or stating them he knows, he makes an illustration of them. He asks them of their sentiment ( as to non be unjust in his ulterior opinion ) about a minor lese majesty charge and they give no clemency ; so when they are uncovered as felon of high lese majesty, Henry turns their ain words upon them. More than this he has strengthened the ring of trust in Henry from the remainder of his tribunal, demoing that he is strong in head and craft. This shows his abilities to pull stringsing people into stating what he wants them to. The clemency that was speedy in us but late By your ain council is suppressed and killed You must non make bold, for shame, to speak of clemency. For your ain grounds turn into your bosoms, As Canis familiariss upon their Masterss, worrying you. He continues mentioning to them as English monsters demoing that he is de-personifying them and doing them culls of the tribunal, so neither Henry, his tribunal or the culprits can experience any compunction about the events. When Henry sends a message to the Gallic male monarch he keeps a reasonable and legal tone, as to do him look really different from what the Dauphin hinted, that he was still foolish and immature in head. Equally shortly as the Gallic male monarch asks for effects, Henry s message alterations to a much darker tone, utilizing imagination: And offer you into the bowls of the Lord Much like the scene with the treasonists, where Henry manipulated the feelings of the treasonists and his tribunal, he manipulates the feeling of his military personnels at the conflict of Harfleur. He takes the portion of every adult male which is natural animate being ( i.e. the contending spot ) , of Lords and paupers likewise, and stating that that feeling of hatred and bloodlust is right in this state of affairs. In his address he uses many metaphoric contrasts to separate what work forces should usually be like at what they should be like in times of war so that they can mask just nature with favoured fury. He besides uses languag vitamin E like friends to foreground that on the battleground he, the male monarch of England is equal with them and them with him. Once more unto the breach, beloved friends, one time more Keep difficult the breath, and flex up every spirit If Henry was a bad leader, he would hold proceeded with the devastation of Harfleur but he was clever plenty to gain that if France was to be his if he won against the Gallic male monarch. This is where his accomplishment of mental use are shown once more. Here he gives the governor such a devilish pick that there can merely be one existent result. Henry words his speech really imaginatively with many metaphors to do the governor truly see what would go on if he didn t resignation. Henry paints images of bare babies spitted upon expresswaies in the governor s caput and so offers him the pick to give up but live and avoid the slaughtermen. Whilst in at cantonment in France, Henry finds out from one of his captains that his friend Bardolph from his younger old ages had been caught robbing a local church. Henry is forced to put to death him because of his sanctum beliefs and that he held the codification of war ( non attacking/harming guiltless bystanders ) really earnestly. Henry doesn T talk in poesy like he usually talks to people when he is seeking to do an illustration of people like with Cambridge, Gray and Scroop, which shows the more human side to Henry, the side that regrets making something because it felt bad to him. By this clip the military personnels are acquiring ill with winter coming and communicating has broken down between Henry and his military personnels so henry decides to happen out how people feel about him but acquiring in camouflage and speaking to a few of the different ranks of troop. Whilst in camouflage he talks in prose like a normal individual as non to lift intuitions. This shows Henry s thirst for being able to assist his military personnels by cognizing their demands and seeking to accommodate them the best he can. Henry says things to possibly do them state bad things about him: Then you are better than the male monarch? He does come across a few people who are pessimistic about whether they are traveling to do it or non and believe that Henry should hold ransomed himself. Henry after hearing this makes up fabrications with which to convert them that the soldiers will non decease in vain. After H interviews his work forces he goes back to his courtiers where he likely has his most humanistic address, his monologue. Here he opens up all his feelings about holding an excluded life style but so builds to a extremely motivational address. If we are marked to decease, we are enow . That fears his family to decease with us The above subdivision shows the pessimistic subdivision speaking about decease and that Henry wishes that he was the lone 1 that might decease. He so begins to get down his acclivity by stating any soldier that does non desire to be here is free to travel and the last thing he want is to be responsible for coercing them into their deceases. The 2nd half of the address is the most optimistic transition in the full drama. Where soldiers and people in England will observe Crispin s Day and will be able to demo the lesions they gained at this great conflict. He uses similar techniques as the 1s outside Harfleur except he is seeking to focus/manipulate the fright of his military personnels into being loyal alternatively of turning them into animate beings. He achieved this besides by levelling the ranks and stating that all ranks were the same on the battleground ; they would wholly be contending for a common end against a common enemy. Montjoy, the Gallic embassador, visits the Henry to inquire for his ransom once more. Alternatively of merely replying no, Henry gets carried off in a loyal address. There s non a piece of plume in our host- Good statement, I hope, we will non fly- And my hapless soldiers tell me, yet ere dark They ll be in fresher robes, or they will tweak The cheery new coats o er the Gallic soldiers caputs He is pretty anti-French by now, naming the Gallic countryside dunghills. At the terminal of the address he tells a gag after he tells Montjoy non to return for ransom. I fear thou lt one time more come once more for ransom. Henry s manner of address here is really much like that of his earlier warnings to the Gallic king/Dauphin. Henry in his addresss draws historical and scriptural figures to exemplify his points. At Harfleur he refers to person war-proof as Alexander the Great ; picking great English ascendants of the male monarch. To demo a figure of immorality he uses king Herod, from the first testament. by Oliver Warner www.hacking-guide.com